International Journal of Economics and Society
International Journal of Economics and Society (IJES) is a peer-reviewed open access journal dedicated to advancing knowledge in the fields of economics, management, international relations, and social sciences. ISSN 2376-3973 (print) ISSN 2377-8881 (online) Open Access Policy: All articles published in International Journal of Economics and Society (IJES) are freely available online immediately upon publication. The journal applies the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited. Editorial Leadership: Editor-in-Chief: Dr. Michelle Garcia Executive Editor: Dr. Katya Hack Publisher: NGO Youth For Global Progress (YGP), Memphis, Tennessee, USA
All articles published in the International Journal of Economics and Society (IJES) are licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0). This license permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and the source are properly credited.
System for forming a strategy for the development of enterprises in the context of their economic potential in the conditions of intellectualization and informatization of society
The article examines a strategy for enterprise development based on increasing economic potential. The authors applied a systematic approach and based their improvement of this strategy on the assumption that the informatization and intellectualization of economic processes at various levels of economic activity creates new opportunities, but also places new serious demands on all market participants. Informativeness, innovativeness, and cognitiveness are now not just important factors in enterprise development strategy. They are decisive and system-forming characteristics of all spheres of activity. Using bibliometric and statistical analysis, the authors identify the dual role of economic potential in the system of enterprise development strategy formation: it is both the basis and the strategic goal of development. It is a system-forming element that simultaneously performs the function of an initial condition for strategic choice and a target benchmark for long-term development, the implementation of which is ensured through an appropriate strategic management information system. The results of the study highlight that information systems are a functional element of the impact of informatization and intellectualization at the enterprise level. The article presents the structure of an information system for forming an enterprise's development strategy and its economic potential based on a systematic approach.
Copyright (c) 2025 Olena Zinchenko, Olha Anisimova, Ievgeniia Mishchuk (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Socio-economic drivers of entrepreneurial capacity building in cooperative associations: institutional and strategic dimensions
This study examines the socio-economic drivers of entrepreneurial capacity building in cooperative associations, with particular emphasis on institutional and strategic dimensions. Using a mixed-methods approach that integrates institutional theory, stakeholder-oriented cooperative theory, and strategic management perspectives, the research identifies three interconnected analytical layers shaping cooperative entrepreneurial capacity: the institutional environment, socio-economic mechanisms, and strategic capabilities. The analysis reveals that the regulative, normative, and cognitive institutional pillars fundamentally determine the entrepreneurial potential of cooperatives, while socio-economic mechanisms such as human capital development, financial capacity building, social capital accumulation, and innovation ecosystem integration serve as transmission channels converting institutional conditions into organizational capabilities. The study proposes an integrated framework demonstrating that governance innovation, market strategy, and a distinctive collective entrepreneurial orientation constitute the strategic foundations of cooperative performance. The practical implications are particularly relevant for transition economies where institutional infrastructure and organizational capabilities require simultaneous development to unlock cooperative entrepreneurial potential.
Copyright (c) 2022 Vasyl Mirakin (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Principles and organizational models of cooperative associations as business entities
Cooperative associations represent a distinctive organizational form that integrates economic objectives with principles of democratic governance, member participation, and community orientation. This study systematically analyzes the foundational principles and organizational models of cooperatives as business entities. Drawing upon institutional economics, organizational theory, and stakeholder approaches, we examine how the seven internationally recognized cooperative principles—voluntary membership, democratic control, member economic participation, autonomy, education, inter-cooperation, and community concern—manifest across different organizational configurations. Our analysis proposes a functional grouping of principles into membership, operational, and relational categories, providing a conceptual framework for understanding principle interdependencies. We compare four primary organizational models: consumer, producer, worker, and multi-stakeholder cooperatives, identifying distinctive governance mechanisms, capital structures, and performance characteristics. Results indicate that effective cooperative functioning depends on coherent principle integration rather than selective implementation. The study addresses the persistent "cooperative capital dilemma" and evaluates strategies for balancing financial sustainability with principle alignment. We conclude that cooperative models remain relevant for contemporary economic challenges, particularly in sectors requiring stakeholder coordination and long-term orientation.
Copyright (c) 2023 Vasyl Mirakin (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Formation of the mechanism for the development of agricultural cooperation under conditions of institutional transformations
This study analyzes the formation of mechanisms for the development of agricultural cooperation under conditions of institutional transformations. Agricultural cooperatives represent fundamental organizational mechanisms enabling farmers to overcome market imperfections, reduce transaction costs, and enhance collective bargaining power. The research employs a mixed-methods approach grounded in New Institutional Economics, combining theoretical analysis with comparative institutional examination. The study identifies three primary categories of institutional transformations affecting agricultural cooperation: regulatory, market-oriented, and socio-cultural transformations. A comprehensive mechanism for cooperative development is proposed, operating at macro, meso, and micro levels, integrating policy environment creation, support infrastructure development, and internal organizational improvements. Key success factors include institutional environment clarity, governance-member interest alignment, financial resource access, and management capacity quality. The findings contribute to academic literature by synthesizing new institutional economics insights into a unified framework while providing practical guidance for policymakers and practitioners seeking to promote sustainable agricultural cooperation under changing institutional conditions.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ievgeniia Mishchuk (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
World experience in the development of entrepreneurial activity of cooperative associations
This article examines world experience in developing entrepreneurial activity within cooperative associations, analyzing successful models across diverse geographic and sectoral contexts. Employing a mixed-methods research approach integrating quantitative performance data from the World Cooperative Monitor with qualitative case analysis, the study identifies critical success factors enabling cooperative entrepreneurial development. The research reveals significant regional disparities, with European cooperatives dominating global rankings due to comprehensive institutional support, while African cooperatives remain notably absent despite substantial grassroots activity. Four primary success factor categories emerged: governance excellence, external cooperation and networking, innovation capacity, and institutional environment alignment. The analysis demonstrates that cooperatives exhibit superior resilience and comparable innovation performance relative to conventional firms when operating within supportive institutional frameworks. The study proposes recommendations for enhancing cooperative entrepreneurial capacity, including distinct legal recognition, integrated cooperative education, strengthened inter-cooperative collaboration, and cooperative-specific innovation support mechanisms. These findings contribute to both theoretical understanding and practical guidance for cooperative development practitioners and policymakers.
Copyright (c) 2025 Svitlana Tulchynska (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Socio-economic mechanism for the development of cooperation in Ukraine: integration of economic efficiency and social mission
This article investigates the socio-economic mechanism for cooperative development in Ukraine, examining the integration of economic efficiency and social mission objectives. Employing a mixed-methods approach combining theoretical analysis, statistical examination, and comparative assessment, the research analyzes the current state of Ukrainian cooperatives and proposes an integrated framework for their sustainable development. The study identifies key challenges facing Ukrainian cooperatives including inadequate legislative recognition, limited access to financing, weak professional management capacity, and underdeveloped social impact measurement. A novel conceptual framework is developed comprising four interconnected subsystems: regulatory, organizational, financial, and social impact. The framework addresses the dual nature of cooperatives as both economic enterprises and social organizations, drawing on International Cooperative Alliance principles and European best practices. Research findings indicate that Ukrainian cooperatives possess significant untapped potential for inclusive economic development and rural community revitalization. Practical recommendations are formulated for policymakers and cooperative practitioners regarding legislative reform, institutional innovation, and governance improvement to enhance cooperative sector effectiveness within Ukraine's European integration context.
Copyright (c) 2024 Pavlo Hryhoruk (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Systematic and methodological approaches to the formation of the socio-economic mechanism of cooperative development
This study develops a comprehensive analytical framework for understanding systematic and methodological approaches to the formation of socio-economic mechanisms of cooperative development. Employing theoretical analysis and systematic literature review, the research identifies the structural components and operational principles that constitute effective cooperative development mechanisms. The socio-economic mechanism is conceptualized as an integrated system comprising four interconnected subsystems: institutional, economic, social, and governance. Seven essential mechanism components are identified: membership engagement, capital formation, governance, market coordination, knowledge and innovation, social capital development, and institutional bridging. The study examines factors influencing mechanism effectiveness, including internal organizational characteristics, external environmental conditions, and relational dynamics. A phased implementation strategy is proposed, progressing from foundation building through mechanism development, consolidation, and sustainability. The findings contribute to cooperative theory by synthesizing multiple theoretical perspectives into an integrated framework. Practical implications extend to cooperative managers, policy-makers, and development practitioners seeking evidence-based guidance for cooperative strengthening and support.
Copyright (c) 2024 Vitalii Karpenko (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Green growth strategies and sustainable development pathways in Rwanda
This article examines green growth strategies and sustainable development pathways in Rwanda, analyzing the country’s policy frameworks, institutional mechanisms, and development outcomes since the adoption of the Green Growth and Climate Resilience Strategy in 2011. Employing a mixed-methods approach that combines systematic literature review, policy document analysis, and comparative statistical assessment, the study evaluates Rwanda’s performance across economic, environmental, and social dimensions of green growth. The findings reveal that Rwanda has achieved sustained economic growth averaging over 7% annually while simultaneously expanding forest coverage, increasing electrification rates, and establishing innovative green finance instruments. An integrated assessment framework is developed that links policy interventions to sustainable development outcomes through a tiered institutional architecture. The study identifies key success factors, including early strategy adoption, mainstreaming of environmental objectives, and community engagement mechanisms, while also acknowledging persistent challenges related to fiscal sustainability, climate vulnerability, and agricultural-environmental trade-offs. The framework offers a replicable model for other developing nations pursuing green growth pathways.
Copyright (c) 2025 Marie Claire Niyonsaba (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Determinants of economic resilience in developing economies: a management perspective from Benin
This study investigates the determinants of economic resilience in developing economies through a management perspective, focusing on Benin as a representative case within the West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU). Employing a mixed-methods approach that integrates institutional analysis with macroeconomic assessment, the research identifies five key dimensions of resilience: macroeconomic stability, governance and institutional quality, economic diversification, human capital development, and strategic management capacity. An integrated management framework is proposed, organising determinants into three layers – foundational capacity, adaptive mechanisms, and transformative drivers – that collectively shape resilience outcomes. The findings demonstrate that Benin’s deliberate policy reforms, including fiscal consolidation, strategic planning frameworks, and international cooperation, have significantly strengthened its resilience capacity. However, structural vulnerabilities related to limited diversification and commodity dependence persist. The study contributes to bridging the gap between resilience theory and management practice in developing economy contexts, offering actionable insights for policymakers.
Copyright (c) 2025 Jean-Baptiste Adéyemi (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Information systems and their role in the innovative management of economic processes in foreign economic activity
The article investigates the transformative role of Information Systems (IS) in the management of foreign economic activity (FEA). As international trade becomes increasingly complex and data-driven, the ability to effectively manage information flows determines the competitive position of an enterprise. The study analyzes the theoretical foundations and practical applications of digital tools, ranging from ERP systems to Blockchain and AI analytics. Using bibliometric analysis and process modeling, the author proposes a classification of IS based on their strategic impact: transactional, managerial, and strategic. The paper introduces the concept of an Integrated Digital Ecosystem for FEA (IDE-FEA), a model that unifies internal operations with external global stakeholders (customs, logistics, banks). The results demonstrate that implementing such ecosystems allows for a shift from reactive to proactive innovative management, significantly reducing operational risks and enhancing decision-making efficiency. The findings offer a practical roadmap for enterprises aiming to modernize their foreign economic strategies in the Industry 4.0 era
Copyright (c) 2024 Dmytro Vasylkivskyi (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The role of information and analytical technologies in the risk management system and ensuring the economic security of customs authorities
This article investigates the role of information and analytical technologies in enhancing the risk management system (RMS) of customs authorities to ensure economic security. In the context of growing global trade volumes and emerging security threats, traditional control methods are proving insufficient. The study employs a mixed-methods approach, including systems analysis and functional modeling, to evaluate the impact of digital tools on customs efficiency. The authors analyze the evolution of customs technologies from basic digitization to intelligent analytics. A novel integrated model, the "Intelligent Customs Security Shield" (ICSS), is proposed, which utilizes Artificial Intelligence and machine learning to create a dynamic, self-learning risk assessment environment. The results demonstrate that the transition to this data-driven model significantly reduces false positives, optimizes resource allocation, and improves the detection of fiscal and security violations. The study concludes that advanced analytical technologies are a critical prerequisite for balancing trade facilitation with robust economic security
Copyright (c) 2025 Dmytro Vasylkivskyi, Matlab Mahmudov (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Digital information and analytical technologies in customs procedures as a factor in improving the efficiency of international logistics
The article examines the role of digital information and analytical technologies in enhancing the efficiency of customs procedures and their impact on international logistics performance. The study integrates theoretical, analytical, and empirical approaches to evaluate how electronic declaration systems, automated risk-management tools, big data analytics, and integrated communication platforms transform customs operations. The results demonstrate that digitalization significantly accelerates customs clearance, reduces administrative burdens, improves supply chain visibility, and strengthens coordination among logistics stakeholders. Case studies of leading digital customs administrations, including Singapore, Estonia, and South Korea, confirm that advanced digital tools generate measurable improvements in clearance times and logistics predictability. At the same time, the research identifies several challenges–such as interoperability gaps, cybersecurity risks, and regulatory constraints–that limit the full realization of digital transformation benefits. The findings underscore the strategic importance of continuous modernization and international cooperation in developing resilient customs ecosystems capable of supporting efficient global supply chains.
Copyright (c) 2025 Dmytro Vasylkivskyi, Mir Faraj Abasov (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Multi-level system for planning the improvement of the logistical potential of an enterprise
The article substantiates a multi-level system for planning the improvement of the logistical potential of an enterprise, aimed at overcoming the disconnect between strategic vision and operational logistics execution. The research methodology decomposes the planning process into five logically integrated stages: forecasting, optimal variant selection, strategic planning, tactical program development, and budgeting coupled with control. A fundamental distinction is drawn between three-vector forecasting and long-term planning, utilizing gap analysis to precisely define the desired future state of logistical capabilities. The study moves beyond the binary separation of strategic and operative management, proposing a continuous hierarchy that aligns functional logistics plans – such as infrastructure modernization and inventory management with long-term market trends. A closed-loop feedback mechanism is substantiated to monitor deviations and dynamically adjust development trajectories. This system provides a comprehensive toolkit for ensuring that daily logistical operations actively contribute to the systematic enhancement of enterprise potential.
Copyright (c) 2025 Sergii Vyshniuk, Halyna Skyba (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Formation of a mechanism for developing the economic potential of enterprises in the context of digital transformation and post-war reconstruction of Ukraine's economy
The article substantiates a mechanism for the development of the economic potential of the enterprise under conditions of digital transformation and post-war recovery of Ukraine. The research clarifies the essence and structure of economic potential and interprets it as a dynamic combination of production, financial, human, innovation, digital and organizational components. An integrated system of indicators and a fuzzy-logic model are developed to diagnose the state of these components, identify structural imbalances and classify enterprises into development trajectories: active growth, adaptive development, compensatory stabilization or conservative survival. Particular attention is paid to the digital component as a cross-cutting factor that reinforces all elements of economic potential and increases resilience to war-related shocks. A multi-level mechanism is proposed that combines enterprise-level diagnostics and fuzzy modeling with meso- and macro-level instruments of digitalization and SME support policy, providing a practical toolkit for aligning internal development strategies with national post-war recovery priorities.​
Copyright (c) 2025 Vitalii Vyshniuk, Halyna Skyba (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
How social workers demonstrate respect for elderly clients
Although respect is a crucial aspect of social work practice, few studies have examined how social workers convey their respect for elderly clients. This study explored the various forms of respect demonstrated by social workers when they were with older clients. Fifty social workers serving elderly clients were surveyed by a questionnaire with closed- and open-ended questions. Based on data on the way the social workers respected their elderly clients, the study identified seven forms most frequently practiced and considered most important. They are linguistic respect, care respect, acquiescent respect, salutatory respect, presentational respect, spatial respect, and consultative respect. The key expressions of these forms are introduced in quantitative data and a narrative form. This finding provides insights as to how social workers exhibit respect for elderly clients in their practice. The results of this exploration may be useful in developing a more comprehensive typology of the forms signifying respect for elderly clients
Copyright (c) 2024 Kyu-Taik Sung, Ruth E. Dunkle (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Causality in philosophy of science: from Hume to today
This study investigates one of the basic concepts of science: Causality. It presents an historical perspective of the concept from Hume to today. Our exploration of the terms cause, effect and causality begins with Hume and with contributions of Kant. As a second part, the place of causality in the philosophy of science is examined. The discussion of the concept together with the concepts of determinism, probability, functional relation and uncertainty principle have been taken into account from the standpoint of modern science
Copyright (c) 2024 Jeffrey Tiger (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Philosophy of science, with special consideration given to behaviorism as the philosophy of the science of behavior
The philosophy of science is the branch of philosophy that critically examines the foundations, assumptions, methods, products, and implications of the activity called science. The present sketch reviews the historical development of the philosophy of science, representative individuals in the field, and topics of longstanding interest. The sketch is intended to prepare readers for subsequent discussions on behaviorism, cognitive psychology, and the meaning of mental terms
Copyright (c) 2024 John C. Moore (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Impact of credit spread fluctuations on portfolio value
Banks criticize Basel accords for potential double counting of the same risks in calculation methods of minimum required capital. These risks should be isolated from each other for accurate measurement of regulatory capital. The purpose of this paper is to isolate credit spread risk from interest rate risk and analyze the impact of pure credit spread fluctuations on portfolio value. Different scenarios are simulated by using Monte Carlo simulation method. The model is built in Excel and Visual Basic for Applications. The results show that coupon rates and credit spread deviations have an impact on the average and the standard deviation of portfolio value which makes them among the majors factors in assigning bond weights. Besides, the interest rate component that reduces the fluctuations in standard deviation should also be taken into consideration in assigning the weights
Copyright (c) 2024 Agil Kerimov (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Development of regional model of Ukraine
The current socio-economic situation of regions of Ukraine The reasons for disparities in socio-economic development of regions. Priorities and directions of development of the regions of Ukraine. The models of further development of each region depending on the chosen development strategy
Copyright (c) 2024 Olga Shulga (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
An econometric analysis of non-oil exports and economic growthin Nigeria
This study examines the linkage between economic growth and non-oil export dynamics in Nigeria using time series data over the period 1970-2014 and employing a simultaneous equation approach. The data sourced from the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) Statistical Bulletin of various issues were analyzed using the co-integration and error-correction model techniques. The estimation of the model takes into consideration the issue of spurious correlation (arising from unit root in macro variables) as well as the problem of simultaneity bias. It was found out that an increase in the level of per capita income resulting from efficient labour force rate implies increase in productivity, leading to increase and improvement of industrial output. Among the policy recommendations is the need for the Nigerian government to formulate and implement policies that will further develop and boost investment in the industrial sector
Copyright (c) 2024 Onyinye O. Mgbemena, Kalu Chris U (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Methods of tax control implementation in Ukraine and areas of their improvement
The paper deals with the necessity of a tax control, methods of its implementation under the Tax Code of Ukraine, the content of each component and the detailed procedure of tax audits as one of the leading forms of tax control. The author also gives recommendations regarding the improvement of tax control methods in terms of European integration. In the paper author states, that tax inspection is a form of tax control, carried out by supervisory authorities in order to establish the correct calculation, completeness and timeliness of payment of taxes and fees. The experience of European countries shows that the tax office helps taxpayers determine the list of taxes and duties that they must pay, and not define themselves according to the TCU as it is in Ukraine, which does not allow the imposition of fines and financial sanctions because of law ignorance
Copyright (c) 2024 Vadym Pukhalskyi (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Some political aspects of the state strategy for the development of education in the Azerbaijan republic
The paper states, that there are two necessary targets in the appointment of the first political direction, one of them is creating educational content based on skills and the other is the development of the curriculum at all levels such kinds of pre-school, general, the first vocational, secondary and higher education and the second target is about modernization of human resources in the field of education, the use of innovative teaching methods and the effective learning of the content of education. Author clarifies, that there’re some needs of the development of human capital in the education system to meet the challenges of the new steps, the compatibility of the indicators of quality of education to the European standards and all of them have become the adaptation of State Strategy for the Development of Education in the Republic of Azerbaijan to a necessity
Copyright (c) 2024 Habil Hamidov (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Socio-economic determinants of academic performances in Aguada local government area, Anambra state
Education is regarded as the greatest investment that any nation can make for the development of its human and material resources. This paper investigated the socio - economic determinants of academic performance in Aguata local government area, Anambra state. The study made use of a qualitative response regression model to analyze the participant’s responses obtained through a well-structured questionnaire. The study presents some interesting findings. The ML-Binary logit estimation results show that parental income (PI); number of hours of study (NHS); parent educational achievement (PEA) and power supply (PS) have positive and significant impact on student’s academic performance (AP), family size (FS) has a negative and significant impact on student’s academic performance (AP) whereas residential area (RA) has positive and insignificant impact on academic performance. The correlation results show that all the variables except family size are positively correlated with student’s academic performance. The study therefore recommends that since parental income is a very important variable which influences student’s academic performance; government employment initiatives should be strengthened while those that are not effective should be reviewed. Government’s effort to boost power supply should be intensified beyond mere transfer of ownership to the private sector. Epileptic power supply does not augur well with the academic performances of students as the finding of this study has shown
Copyright (c) 2025 Kenneth U Nnadi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Monumental art and protection of monuments as an instrument for national identity formation
The place and role of monumental art and protection of monuments in the national identity formation are determined in the article. The evolution of monumental art in the historical and contemporary context is studied. The characteristics of monumental art as the political symbolic are defined. It shows that monuments and memorials have always been considered as a propaganda tool of the ruling political system ideas. The main factors for their enormous potential influence on the collective conscious are outlined. The important role of protection of monuments in the public policy of identity is emphasized
Copyright (c) 2025 Eugene Pelevin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
The necessity of the classification of tax control is considered, a review of existing classifications is carried outand thesystematic approach to the classification of tax control is defined. By the quantitative composition of tax control the individual and collective tax control can be identified. It is appropriate to classify the tax control depending on subject and object of control because it manifests itself differently in them. Author suggests to involve the use of various methods of tax control by its subject including the need to highlight the record tax revenues, checking the legality of the use of tax incentives, the use of indirect methods of tax control (inspections of manufacturing, warehouse, commercial and other premises used for obtaining income or related with the obtaining of other objects of taxation) and others
Copyright (c) 2025 Vadym Pukhalskyi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Multiculturalism policy in Azerbaijan in personality, education,law and local legislation context
The problems of formation of national and cultural multicultural values in the process of upbringing of a personality in the context of international rights and Azerbaijan legislation are analyzed in this article. The author tries to reveal problems within the framework of holy Guran, in relevant conventions of UNO, in the Constitution of Azerbaijan Republic, in the Decrees of the President, in different Acts of the Constitution of Azerbaijan Republic, in Decrees and Resolutions, as well as in Laws about Culture and Education
Copyright (c) 2025 Habil Hamidov https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
The sources to analyze the interaction between the socio-political organizations and authorities
The article is devoted to the sources and its characterization while studying the interaction of the social and political organizations with the authorities in the Ukrainian provinces of the Russian empire in 1905-1917. According to the modern classification the existing source base can be divided into six groups: normative legal documents, record keeping documentation, periodicals, and statistical data, documents of personal origin and agitation and propaganda literature. The paper describes each of the aforementioned groups of the sources, the conclusions of the possibility and expediency of their use in the study of the organized society and government interaction are made. In general, the analysis of the sources enables to determine the causes of the social and political organizations emergence, to reveal some aspects of the organizations program fundamentals, especially related to the evolution of their attitude to the government; to clarify and in some cases to determine the emergence time of the public organizations centers in Ukraine, its quantity, number, social, ethnic, age-related and party structure; to describe practical and propaganda activities, the legal basis for the functioning of the unions and associations in the Russian Empire, to consider the repression and restriction of the opposition organizations activities etc. However, sources makes it difficult to conduct accurate quantitative calculating of the majority indicators of social and political organizations
Copyright (c) 2025 Vyacheslav Magas https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Patterns of socio-economic exclusion in contemporary society
The article is devoted to actual topics of national development - the mapping and characterization of the phenomenal for today's phenomenon - social exclusion in terms of economic transformation. The paper interpreted the concept of "economic and social exclusion", "socio-economic inclusion", is their retrospective analysis, as well as derivatives of these categories and processes, justified the author's position on the causes of its origin, contents and possible ways to eliminate it. Reasoned application of a comprehensive interpretation of the concept of "social and economic exclusion" since this phenomenon has the opposite effect on people who need to be part of the group: blocked their cognitive abilities and leveled owners "independent self-concept." The methods for measuring the socio-economic exclusion (the accumulation of deprivation). The study made it possible to identify the percentage of social and economic exclusion, as well as an index of social exclusion. The author calculated the intensity of social and economic exclusion as the ratio of the number of seized for a given period to the average number of social and economic benefits that can provide a country
Copyright (c) 2025 Ganna Likhonosova https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Interregional convergence and divergence in the innovation-driven economy: evidence from South Korea
This study examines interregional disparities in South Korea. The research methodology is based on neo-classical convergence analysis: 1) β-analysis implies examining the correlation between average yearly growth rate of a respective indicator and its initial level; 2) σ-analysis implies examining the indicator’s variance during the analyzed period. Interregional disparities are analyzed with regard to gross regional product per capita, gross regional income per capita, individual income per capita, and private consumption per capita. The empirical evidence indicates a high correlation for β-convergence in individual income per capita. Variance analysis indicates that during 2005-2013 gross regional product per capita demonstrated σ-divergence while gross regional income per capita, individual income per capita and private consumption per capita demonstrated σ-convergence in South Korea. Overall the conclusions of this study support the idea that the innovation-driven economy is favorable for interregional convergence
Copyright (c) 2025 Mykhailo Y. Kryvoruchko https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Analysıs of the sustaınabılıty ındıcators of socıo-economıc development ın Azerbaıjan by multı-dımensıonal statıstıcal methods
In article the analysis of sustainability of the socio-economic development of the Republic of Azerbaijan by the method of the main component is carried out. The method of the main component is one of the most commonly used factor analysis methods. Application of this method has allowed to decrease of number of indicators and to reveal the major factors influencing economic growth and socio-economic development of the country for period 2000-2013. The current situation of socio-economic development in Azerbaijan is analysed and recommendations for improvements put forward in this article
Copyright (c) 2025 R.K.Isgənderov https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/